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1. Rectifying Name
The Truku Tribe rectified their name as the
twelfth tribe of Taiwan indigenous tribes on January 14, 2004.
At first, anthropologist divided the
Atayal Tribe into the Tayal and the Sejiq, according to
factors such as their legends of origin and languages. The
Sejiq call a person ¡§Sedeg¡¨. Their legend has it that they
originated from the Baishi Mt. at the south eastern of Wushe
(now Hualien County Wanrong Township), but some also say
that they actually originated from the Niumian Mt. in Puli.
During Qing Dynasty, the Sejiq founded
three tribes at now Nantou County Ren-ai Township: Truku,
Tkdaya, and Teuda. Members in each tribe had strong and
distinct senses of their ethnic identification.
Sine the Atayal and the Sejiq have
different languages and social conventions, later with the
permission from the Executive Yuan, the Truku of Sejiq
became a different tribe as Truku Tribe.
2. Distribution
Truku Tribe migrated from Wushe of
Ren-ai Township in Nantou County to Liwu River and Mugua
River in the northern Hualien County about 300 years ago.
Traditionally, Truku Tribe was widely distributed over the
mountainous region of eastern Taiwan at the river terraces,
plateaus, and piedmont along the coast of the following
rivers: Heping River, Liwu River, Mugua River, Chiyagan
River, Wanli River, Taiping River, and Lakulaku River.
According to the Japanese scholar
Narazaki in The development of the Truku aborigine, there
were 96 Truku villages or communities in 1917. However,
after the Wushe Incident in 1930, the Japanese government,
for management reason, forced their communities in Central
Mountains to migrate to their current residence during 1931
to 1937. Furthermore, in order to weaken their tribal power
and prevent anything like the Wushe Incident from happening,
the Japanese government also mixed the Truku residences with
that of other tribes.
The current distribution of the Truku
is, roughly, between Heping River and Taiping River,
distributed over Songlin, Lushan, Chingguan of Nantou County
Ren-ai Township; and Hualien County Shioulin Township and
Wanrong Township, Chosi Township Lishan Village, and Chi-an
Township Chingfeng Village, Nanhua Village, and Fuhsing
Village. (As below)
References:
1. The Geographic Distribution and an
Introduction to Taiwan Indigenous Peoples¡XTruku Tribe.
(2006.06). http://www.tacp.gov.tw/intro/nine/taroko/taroko1.
HTM.
2. Liao, S.C. (1977). ¡¥The Migration and
Distribution of the East Sejiq of the Atayal (1)¡¦. Collected
Papers of Academia Sinica Institute of Ethnology, 44.
3. Pan, C.D. (2003). ¡¥¡§The Development
of Mountainous Areas and the Comforting of Barbarians¡¨ of
Late Ch¡¦ing Dynasty and the Change of Interest of Taiwan
Truku¡¦, The Historical Cultivation 9: 49-70. Taipei:
Graduate Institute of History, National Taiwan Normal
University.
4. Walis, Yu, G.H. (2002). History of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples¡XAtayal
Tribe.. Nantou: Taiwan Historica.
5. Li, Y.Y. (1963). ¡¥The Atayal in Nanao¡XEthnological Field
Investigation and Research (1)¡¦. Academia Sinica Institute of
Ethnology Journal 5.
6. Hsu, M.C. (1989). The Culture and the
Conventions of the Truku of the Atayal . Commissioned by the
Construction and Planning Agency, Ministry of the Interior,
researched by Academia Sinica Institute of Ethnology.
7. Huang, C.H. (2000). ¡¥The Hunting Culture of the East Sejiq¡¦ .
Compiled by Academia Sinica Institute of Ethnology, 15: 1-104.
8. Tian, C.Y. (2001). Taiwan Indigenous Peoples¡XAtayal Tribe.
Taipei: Taiyuan Publishing.
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